The Sethi Ledger

People · Practice · Possibility

Independent research for education leaders

Peer-reviewed mixed-methods study

Support teachers before expanding AI use

What helps kindergarten teachers use AI responsibly? Researchers in Malang, Indonesia, interviewed ten teacher leaders and five administrators, then surveyed 250 kindergarten teachers with prior AI-use experience. Teachers described planning stories, activities, media and family communications while checking developmental fit, culture, accuracy and safety. Perceived usefulness, ease of use and enabling conditions were associated with intention to use AI; social influence was not statistically significant. Infrastructure, training, premium-feature restrictions and privacy remained obstacles. The study points to the practical support surrounding adoption, not a mandate to increase children's screen time. Because non-users were excluded, its results describe experienced users rather than the readiness of the entire teaching workforce.

Why it matters for leaders

Offer protected planning time and practice reviewing generated materials for age, language and cultural fit. Include non-users in a local needs assessment. Price the full workflow, including access, review time and privacy support, before choosing a license tier.

The evidence

Cross-sectional modeling used equal samples from five districts. Findings concern teachers' reported professional practices; the study did not measure child learning outcomes.

Who was studied

Kindergarten educators in Indonesia; direct workforce evidence, not a child trial.

What the evidence cannot tell us

One city, self-reported use and unweighted district allocation. Associations cannot establish that training or institutional support caused greater integration.

Read the original sources

Summary and leadership analysis from the Week ending 2026-10-23 brief. The edition’s selection notes explain source access and evidence limitations.

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